PBM Therapy Literature Watch February 2018

36 Photobiomodulation therapy papers published in February 2018. Highlights include:

DNA repair mechanisms, modulation of telomere maintenance
Improved motor response in patients with spinal cord injury
Prevention of < grade 2 radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients (RCT)
No adverse effects on SCC primary cancer, recurrence or survival
Improved physiological and performance parameters in runners
Improved depth of anaesthesia during endodontic treatment

Low power lasers on genomic stability.

Trajano LADSN Sergio LPDS Stumbo AC Mencalha AL Fonseca ASD

Laboratório de Pesquisa em Células Tronco, Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil; Laboratório de Biomorfologia e Patologia Experimental, Mestrado Profissional em Diagnóstico Clínico e Laboratorial em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Severino Sombra, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro 27700000, Brazil. Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro 20211040, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro 25964004, Brazil.

Exposure of cells to genotoxic agents causes modifications in DNA, resulting to alterations in the genome. To reduce genomic instability, cells have DNA damage responses in which DNA repair proteins remove these lesions. Excessive free radicals cause DNA damages, repaired by base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair pathways. When non-oxidative lesions occur, genomic stability is maintained through checkpoints in which the cell cycle stops and DNA repair occurs. Telomere shortening is related to the development of various diseases, such as cancer. Low power lasers are used for treatment of a number of diseases, but they are also suggested to cause DNA damages at sub-lethal levels and alter transcript levels from DNA repair genes. This review focuses on genomic and telomere stabilization modulation as possible targets to improve therapeutic protocols based on low power lasers. Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the laser-induced effects on genome and telomere stabilization suggesting that exposure to these lasers modulates DNA repair mechanisms, telomere maintenance and genomic stabilization. Although the mechanisms are not well understood yet, low power lasers could be effective against DNA harmful agents by induction of DNA repair mechanisms and modulation of telomere maintenance and genomic stability.

J Photochem Photobiol B 2018 Feb 10

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29454225

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Photobiomodulation improves motor response in patients with spinal cord injury submitted to electromyographic evaluation: randomized clinical trial.

da Silva FC Gomes AO da Costa Palácio PR Politti F de Fátima Teixeira da Silva D Mesquita-Ferrari RA Fernandes KPS Bussadori SK

Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil. sandra.skb@gmail.com..

Photobiomodulation is a treatment that has been widely used in neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, low-level laser therapy was administered to patients with spinal cord injury. Twenty-five individuals were divided into two groups: placebo photobiomodulation plus physiotherapy and active photobiomodulation plus physiotherapy. Electromyographic evaluations were performed before and after 12 sessions of phototherapy as well as 30 days after the end of treatment. In the active phototherapy group, median frequency values of the brachial biceps and femoral quadriceps muscles were higher at rest and during isotonic contraction 30 days after photobiomodulation (p = 0.0258). No significant results were found regarding the rest and isotonic conditions in the pre-photobiomodulation period (p = 0.950) or immediately following photobiomodulation (p = 0.262). The data provide evidence that phototherapy improves motor responses in individuals with spinal cord injury, as demonstrated by differences in the EMG signal before and after treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT 03031223.

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 13

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29441450

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Prevention of acute radiodermatitis by photobiomodulation: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in breast cancer patients (TRANSDERMIS trial).

Robijns J Censabella S Claes S Pannekoeke L Bussé L Colson D Kaminski I Bulens P Maes A Noé L Brosens M Timmermans A Lambrichts I Somers V Mebis J

Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Dermatology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Department of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium. Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium..

OBJECTIVE: Acute radiodermatitis (RD) is a distressing and painful skin reaction that occurs in 95% of the patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the prevention of acute RD in breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing RT. METHODS: This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial including 120 BC patients that underwent an identical RT regimen post-lumpectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to the laser therapy (LT) or placebo group, with 60 patients in each group. Laser or placebo treatments were applied 2 days a week, immediately after the RT session, starting at the first day of RT. PBMT was delivered using a class IV MLS RESULTS: At a RT dose of 40 Gy, there was no significant difference between the groups in the distribution of RTOG grades. However, at the end of RT the severity of the skin reactions significantly differed between the two groups (P = 0.004), with a larger percentage of patients experiencing RTOG grade 2 or higher (e.g., moist desquamation) in the placebo group (30% vs. 6.7%, for the placebo and laser group, resp.). The objective RISRAS score confirmed these results. In addition, the Skindex-16 and RISRAS subjective score demonstrated that the patients’ quality of life was significantly better in the LT than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this trial show that PBMT is an effective tool to prevent the development of grade 2 acute RD or higher in BC patients. In addition, it also reduces the patients’ symptoms related to RD. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Lasers Surg Med 2018 Feb 10

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29427390

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Locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with photobiomodulation for prevention of oral mucositis: retrospective outcomes and safety analyses.

Brandão TB Morais-Faria K Ribeiro ACP Rivera C Salvajoli JV Lopes MA Epstein JB Arany PR de Castro G Migliorati CA Santos-Silva AR

Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Hospital System, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA. Departments of Oral Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Dental Medicine, Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. Clinical Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. alan@unicamp.br. Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão, Piracicaba, São Paulo, CEP 13414-903, Brazil. alan@unicamp.br..

PURPOSE: The well-established clinical efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy in management of oral mucositis (OM) is leading to increasing use in oncology care. This protection and enhanced repair of damage to mucosal tissue have led to the question of the potential effects of PBM therapy on pre-malignant and malignant cells. The purpose of this study was to examine the outcome of cancer therapy and incidence of tumor recurrence in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients treated with PBM therapy for OM. METHODS: A retrospective clinical analysis of 152 advanced OSCC patients treated with prophylactic PBM therapy for radiotherapy-induced OM from January 2009 to December 2014 was conducted. RESULTS: Of the 152 OSCC patients treated with PBM therapy in this study, 19 (12.5%) had stage III and 133 (87.5%) had stage IV tumors. Of these, 52 (34.2%) received initial treatment with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, 94 (61.8%) with exclusive chemoradiation, and 6 (4%) with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiotherapy. After a mean follow-up of 40.84 (± 11.71) months, the overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 46.7 and 51.8%, respectively. Forty-five (29.6%) patients developed local-regional recurrence, 10 (6.57%) patients developed distant relapse, and 19 (12.5%) developed new (second) primary tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in the PBM-treated patients were similar to previously published data for conventional treatments in patients with advanced OSCC. In this study, prophylactic use of PBM therapy did not impact treatment outcomes of the primary cancer, recurrence or new primary tumors, or survival in advanced OSCC patients.

Support Care Cancer 2018 Feb 08

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29423682

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Photobiomodulation and Cancer: What Is the Truth

Hamblin MR Nelson ST Strahan JR

1 Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 2 Joovv Inc., Crystal, Minnesota. 2 Joovv Inc., Crystal, Minnesota..

BACKGROUND: Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a rapidly growing approach to stimulate healing, reduce pain, increase athletic performance, and improve general wellness. OBJECTIVE: Applying PBM therapy over the site of a tumor has been considered to be a contraindication. However, since another growing use of PBM therapy is to mitigate the side effects of cancer therapy, this short review seeks to critically examine the evidence of whether PBM therapy is beneficial or harmful in cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched. RESULTS: Although there are a few articles suggesting that PBM therapy can be detrimental in animal models of tumors, there are also many articles that suggest the opposite and that light can directly damage the tumor, can potentiate other cancer therapies, and can stimulate the host immune system. Moreover, there are two clinical trials showing increased survival in cancer patients who received PBM therapy. CONCLUSIONS: PBM therapy may have benefits in cancer patients and should be further investigated.

Photomed Laser Surg 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29466089

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The Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Depth of Anesthesia During Endodontic Treatment of Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis (Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial).

Ghabraei S Chiniforush N Bolhari B Aminsobhani M Khosarvi A

Department of Endodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Endodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Endodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Endodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..

Introduction: Achieving appropriate anesthesia in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars during endodontic treatment is always one of the most challenging aspects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used in dentistry due to its anti-inflammatory properties and regenerative effects. This study evaluates the effects of PBM in the depth of anesthesia in inferior alveolar nerve block. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 44 patients requiring endodontic treatment in lower molar, left or right were selected, half of them were randomly treated with PBM therapy. Laser irradiation by 980 nm diode laser with a single dose (15 J/cm2, for 20 seconds) before anesthesia was performed at the buccal aspect. Inferior alveolar nerve block was performed once. Success was defined as no or mild pain (no need for any supplemental injection), based on the visual analogue scale during access cavity preparation. Results were evaluated using SPSS software.RESULTS:The results of this study showed that the necessity for supplemental injection was lower in the group receiving laser than in the group without laser (P = 0.033). The mean pain intensity during dentin cutting was lower in the group receiving laser than in the group without laser (P = 0.031). Also, the mean pain intensity during pulp dropping was lower in the group receiving laser, than the group without laser (P = 0.021). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it seems that the application of PBM before anesthesia is effective on increasing depth of anesthesia.

J Lasers Med Sci 2018

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29399304

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Photobiomodulation Therapy on Physiological and Performance Parameters During Running Tests: Dose-Response Effects.

Dellagrana RA Rossato M Sakugawa RL Baroni BM Diefenthaeler F

Laboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil. Laboratório de Desempenho Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, AM, Brazil. Laboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Laboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil..

This study was aimed at verifying effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with different energy doses (15, 30, and 60 J per site) on physiological and performance parameters during running tests. Fifteen male recreational runners participated in a crossover, randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. They performed testing protocol in 5 sessions with different treatments: control, placebo, and PBMT with 15, 30 or 60 J per site (14 sites in each lower limb). Physiological and performance variables were assessed during submaximal (at 8 km·h-1 and 9 km·h-1) and maximal running tests. PBMT with 30 J significantly (p<0.05) improved running economy (RE) at 8 and 9 km·h-1 (3.01% and 3.03%, respectively), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at 8 km·h-1 (7.86%), velocity at VO2MAX (3.07%), peak of velocity (PV) (1.49%), and total time to exhaustion (TTE) (3.41%) compared to placebo. PBMT with 15 J improved RE at 9 km·h-1 (2.98%), RPE at 8 km·h-1 (4.80%), PV (1.33%), TTE (3.06%), and total distance (4.01%) compared to the placebo; while PBMT with 60 J only increased RE at 9 km·h-1 (3.87%) compared to placebo. All PBMT doses positively affected physiological and/or performance parameters; however magnitude-based inference reported that PBMT applied with 30 J led to more beneficial effects than 15 J and 60 J.

J Strength Cond Res 2018 Feb 22

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29481447

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The effects of exercise training associated with low-level laser therapy on biomarkers of adipose tissue transdifferentiation in obese women.

da Silveira Campos RM Dâmaso AR Masquio DCL Duarte FO Sene-Fiorese M Aquino AE Savioli FA Quintiliano PCL Kravchychyn ACP Guimarães LI Tock L Oyama LM Boldarine VT Bagnato VS Parizotto NA

Department of Physiotherapy, Therapeutic Resources Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil. raquelmunhoz@hotmail.com. Post Graduated Program of Nutrition Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa, 650-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04020-050, Brazil. ana.damaso@unifesp.br. São Camilo University Center, São Paulo, Brazil. Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering School of São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil. São Carlos Institute of Physics, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), PO Box 369, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil. São Carlos Institute of Physics, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), PO Box 369, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil. Centro de Traumato-Ortopedia do Esporte (CETE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Laboratório Interdisciplinar em Fisiologia e Exercício (LAIFE), São Paulo, Brazil. Post Graduated Program of Nutrition Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa, 650-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04020-050, Brazil. Centro de Traumato-Ortopedia do Esporte (CETE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Weight Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Post Graduated Program of Nutrition Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa, 650-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04020-050, Brazil. Department of Physiology Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Department of Physiology Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. São Carlos Institute of Physics, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), PO Box 369, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil. Post Graduated Program of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil. Department of Physiotherapy, Therapeutic Resources Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil. nivaldoaparizotto@hotmail.com. Post Graduated Program of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil. nivaldoaparizotto@hotmail.com..

Investigations suggest the benefits of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to improve noninvasive body contouring treatments, inflammation, insulin resistance and to reduce body fat. However, the mechanism for such potential effects in association with exercise training (ET) and possible implications in browning adiposity processes remains unclear. Forty-nine obese women were involved, aged between 20 and 40 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 30-40 kg/m

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 23

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29473115

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Acute Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Patients’ Functional Capacity in the Postoperative Period of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Stein C Fernandes RO Miozzo AP Coronel CC Baroni BM Belló-Klein A Plentz RDM

1 Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 2 Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC), Fundação Universidade de Cardiologia (FUC) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 3 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil . 1 Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 2 Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC), Fundação Universidade de Cardiologia (FUC) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 1 Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 2 Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC), Fundação Universidade de Cardiologia (FUC) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 1 Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . 3 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences of Health (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil . 1 Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ..

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the functional capacity to exercise tested by incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: Fifteen male patients (60 ± 9 years) were crossed over during the experiment, to compare the outcomes after active LLLT and placebo LLLT treatments. LLLT (850 nm, 200 mW, 30 J to each point, resulting in a total of 240 J per quadriceps muscle), using a multidiode cluster (five spots; 6 J/spot) in eight points per leg was performed 3 min before the ISWT. We analyzed distance walked, Borg scale of perceived exertion, heart rate, and brachial arterial blood pressure. Markers of tissue damage (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, total thiol levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT]) were also measured in peripheral blood. RESULTS: Comparison of the distances walked revealed no significant differences between the LLLT and placebo LLLT groups (p = 0.779). Regarding the Borg scale (p = 0.567), heart rate (p = 0.506) as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.164 and p = 0.140, respectively), no differences were observed between LLLT and placebo LLLT groups. Application of LLLT was not able to change levels of LDH (p = 0.214), oxidative lipid damage (p = 0.733), total thiol levels (p = 0.925), SOD (p = 0.202), and CAT (p = 0.825) enzyme activities. CONCLUSIONS: Acute LLLT improved neither functional capacity to exercise nor the markers of oxidation after CABG. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered as a clinical trial (NCT02688426).

Photomed Laser Surg 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29466116

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Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy at 904 nm mitigates effects of exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue in young women.

Toma RL Oliveira MX Renno ACM Laakso EL

Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Av. Ana Costa, 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil. Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, UFVJM, Rodovia MGT 367-Km 583, No. 5000, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil. Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Av. Ana Costa, 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Qld, Gold Coast, 4222, Australia. l.laakso@griffith.edu.au. Mater Research, Level 2 Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, Qld, 4101, Australia. l.laakso@griffith.edu.au..

Muscle fatigue is a process influenced by several mechanisms such as concentration of metabolic substrates, changes in blood flow, and increases in reactive oxygen species that impair contractile muscle function. In this context, photobiomodulation has been investigated for preventing muscle fatigue, with reports of positive effects on muscle performance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 904-nm LASER photobiomodulation on rectus femoris muscle performance in young women. Eighteen young women participated in a randomized, participant and assessor-blinded crossover trial with placebo control. Active LASER (904 nm, 60 mW, 250 Hz, 3.6 J per diode, total dose of 129.6 J) intervention was applied prior to an isokinetic fatigue protocol consisting of a set of 60 concentric quadricep contractions at a constant dynamometer angular velocity of 180°/s. Compared to placebo, LASER photobiomodulation significantly reduced muscle fatigue across a range of indicators including reduced ratings of perceived exertion (P = 0.0139), and increased electromyographic fatigue index (EFI) (P = 0.005). The isokinetic dynamometer performance analysis demonstrated that LASER photobiomodulation increased peak torque (P = 0.04), time to peak torque (P = 0.042), total work (P = 0.032), average power (P = 0.0007), and average peak torque (P = 0.019) between both experimental conditions. No significant difference was observed for work fatigue index (P = 0.29) or for lactate concentration (P > 0.05). Photobiomodulation at 904 nm was effective in reducing fatigue levels and increasing muscle performance in young active women but had no effect on lactate levels.

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 17

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29455305

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Efficacy of photodynamic therapy and low level laser therapy against steroid therapy in the treatment of erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus.

Mirza S Rehman N Alrahla A Alamri WR Vohra F

Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan. Private Practice, Wahat Alshifa Medical Center, Medina, Saudi Arabia. Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: fvohra@ksu.edu.sa..

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP) is debatable. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of PDT and LLLT with topical corticosteroid application in the treatment of erosive-atrophic OLP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five adult patients with erosive-atrophic biopsy-proven OLP on the tongue or buccal mucosa (size ≤3 cm) were randomly divided into three groups. Group-1: patients receiving PDT topical application of 50 l toluidine blue (1 mg/ml) with micropipette and after 10 min treated by laser irradiation using GaAlAs laser (630 nm, 10 mW/cm RESULTS: There was a significant difference in sign score changes before and after the treatment in the PDT group (p = 0.03), LLLT group (p = 0.04) and in the control group (p = 0.02). There was a statistically significant difference between group-1 (p = 0.001) and group-2 (p = 0.001) against group-3 before and after treatment. Mean amount of improvement in pain was significantly greater in the control group in comparison with the PDT and LLLT groups (p<0.001). The efficacy index of the PDT group improved significantly more than the LLLT (p = 0.001) and corticosteroid groups (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Within the limits of the present RCT, it is indicated that PDT and LLLT are effective in the treatment of erosive-atrophic forms of OLP in adult patients. However, further comparative clinical trials are needed to obtain strong conclusions in this regard.

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018 Feb 04

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29414735

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Guide for health professionals addressing oral care for individuals in oncological treatment based on scientific evidence.

Carvalho CG Medeiros-Filho JB Ferreira MC

Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Ceuma, Rua Josué Montello, No. 1, Renascença II, São Luís, Maranhão, 65075-120, Brazil. Instituto Maranhense de Oncologia Aldenora Bello, São Luís, Rua Seroa da Mota, No. 23, Apeadouro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65031-630, Brazil. Curso de Odontologia e Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Rua Josué Montello, No. 1, Renascença II, São Luís, Maranhão, 65075-120, Brazil. meirecofe@hotmail.com..

OBJECTIVE: Oncological treatment can cause changes in the oral cavity compromising oral functions. The aim of the study was, based on a systematic review, to draft a guide directed at the team of health professionals involved in the oral care of oncological patients. METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was performed for articles published between 2000 and April 2017. Searches were made of electronic databases and hand search. The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and RCTs published in English, involving pediatric and adult oncological patients and focused on the prevention and treatment of oral complications as well as studies addressing the maintenance of oral health. Among the 1237 studies identified, 129 were pre-selected and 54 were selected to form the basis for the clinical guide. RESULTS: The studies analyzed stress the need for oral assessments as well as preventive and curative actions prior to oncological treatment. To minimize the severity of oral problems, the studies emphasize daily oral care, the treatment of xerostomia with saliva substitute and hydration, and low-level laser therapy, nystatin, acyclovir, respectively, for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, oral candidiasis, and infection by herpes simplex virus. Thus, the guide produced addresses oral assessments and professional and home care before, during, and after oncological treatment. CONCLUSION: The guide drafted has the function of assisting health professionals involved in the oral care of patients with cancer, enabling the prevention or treatment of oral complications stemming from oncological treatment.

Support Care Cancer 2018 Feb 22

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29470703

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The short-term effectiveness of low-level laser, phonophoresis, and iontophoresis in patients with lateral epicondylosis.

Baktir S Razak Ozdincler A Kaya Mutlu E Bilsel K

Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: sedabaktir@gmail.com. Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bezmialem University, Istanbul, Turkey..

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized parallel group trial. INTRODUCTION: Various treatment options for lateral epicondylosis have been reported in the literature. PURPOSE OF STUDY: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), phonophoresis, and iontophoresis in terms of pain, function, and grip strength. METHODS: This study that comprised 37 patients with lateral epicondylosis was planned as a prospective randomized parallel group trial. Twelve participants were randomized to the LLLT group, 12 to the phonophoresis group, and 13 to the iontophoresis group. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), pressure algometer, the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation, and grip strength dynamometer were used to measure outcomes. The measurements were performed at baseline and at the end of 15 sessions. RESULTS: Investigation of the pain scores revealed that all VAS scores were improved in both the laser and iontophoresis groups (VAS at rest: P = .015, effect size (ES) = 1.49 and P = .016, ES = 0.58, respectively; VAS during activity: P = .008, ES = 1.05 and P = .008, ES = 1.16, respectively; VAS at night: P = .013, ES = 1.01 and P = .016, ES = 0.72, respectively). Only advance in function and grip strength was associated with the iontophoresis group (Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation P = .006, ES = 0.78; grip strength with elbow extension P = .011, ES = 1.03; with elbow flexion P = .003, ES = 0.52). DISCUSSION: The most effective approach could not be highlighted among the existing studies in the literature as they were applied in combination with other therapies. CONCLUSION: In our study, we observed that LLLT provides a benefit only for pain, whereas iontophoresis is beneficial for both pain and function. If the effect size is evaluated, LLLT is more influential than iontophoresis for decreasing pain. However, when we compared phonophoresis and iontophoresis in terms of effectiveness, we found that iontophoresis has better effects for pain, function, and grip strength.

J Hand Ther 2018 Feb 13

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29452929

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All done procedure by laser in free gingival graft treatment: A case series study.

Fekrazad R Chiniforush N Kalhori K

a Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty – Laser research center in medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences , International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran. b Laser Research Center of Dentistry , Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medial Sciences , Tehran , Iran. c Iranian Medical Laser Association , Tehran , Iran..

AIM: This case series study evaluated the application of Er;Cr:YSGG laser for a free gingival graft procedure and the effect of low level laser therapy on post surgical pain and wound healing. CASES: 6 cases with mucogingival problems needing free gingival grafts were selected. First, the recipient site was anesthetized and de-epithelialization was done with a Er;Cr:YSGG laser. After tracing the palatal donor site with the laser, the graft was harvested. For root modification of the recipient tooth, conditioning of the dentin was done by the same laser. The inner side of graft was trimmed by the laser before suturing at the recipient site. After final adaptation of the grafts and suturing process, the recipient and donor sites were irradiated by therapeutic laser for reduction of post surgical complications. RESULTS: All patients reported the reduction in pain level after day 2 on donor and recipient site. Also, the wound healing was achieved after 14 days in all cases in donor site. CONCLUSION: According to high surface absorbance, better incision, coagulation and application on both soft and hard tissues, Er;Cr:YSGG laser can be safe, minimally invasive manner and useful for all steps of the free gingival graft procedure.

J Cosmet Laser Ther 2018 Feb 16

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29451989

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Ultrasound plus low-level laser therapy for knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Paolillo FR Paolillo AR João JP Frascá D Duchêne M João HA Bagnato VS

Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil. fer.nanda.rp@hotmail.com. Department of Occupational Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km. 235, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400-Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil..

This study evaluated the synergistic effects of ultrasound (US) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with or without therapeutic exercises (TE) in women with knee osteoarthritis. Forty-two Caucasian women with knee osteoarthritis were allocated into three groups: (1) the placebo group who did not perform TE, but the prototype without emitting light or ultrasonic waves was applied, (2) the US + LLLT group in which only the prototype was applied and (3) the TE + US + LLLT group that performed TE before the prototype was applied. However, 35 women completed the full clinical trial. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) using an algometer and functional performance during the sit-to-stand test were carried out. The average PPT levels increased for US + LLLT (41 ± 9 to 54 ± 15 N, p < 0.01) and TE + US + LLLT (32 ± 8 to 45 ± 9 N, p < 0.01) groups. The number of sit-to-stands was significantly higher for all groups. However, the change between pre-treatment and post-treatment (delta value) was greater for the US + LLLT (4 ± 1) and TE + US + LLLT groups (5 ± 1) than for the placebo group (2 ± 1) with a significant intergroup difference (p < 0.05). This study showed reduced pain and increased physical functionality after 3 months of US + LLLT with and without TE.

Rheumatol Int 2018 Feb 26

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29480363

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Photonic technology for the treatments of the venous and arterial ulcers: Case report.

Carbinatto FM de Aquino AE Coelho VHM Bagnato VS

Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: fernanda@carbinatto.com. Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil..

In this report, we recent a case study on a 50-year-old male patient with different chronic wounds, such as venous ulcer and arterial ulcer in both legs. These wounds have persisted for more than 10 years, despite the different treatments applied, between safenectomy, different dressings, hyperbaric camera, as well as the used of several medicines of oral and topical application. The case is addressed with the aim to evaluate if treatment that uses combined techniques such as low level laser therapy (LLLT), photodynamic therapy and cellulose membrane is able to improve healing and reduction of time of treatment in those types of chronic wounds. The results show the clinical protocol is effective for the healing of arterial and venous ulcers and can be considered as a promising possibility.

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018 Feb 19

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29471148

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Treating Scars to the Neck.

Gentile RD

Scarring of the neck affects millions of people every year. The appearance of neck scarring can be disturbing both physically and psychologically. Scarring of the neck can be accompanied by morbidities because of the limitation of functional motion of the neck. Treatment options and modalities for reduction and prevention of scar formation include topical steroids, intralesional steroids, interferon, 5-fluorouracil, silicone gel, radiation, laser therapy, and surgeries. There is no general consensus in the literature as to the optimal treatment of neck scarring. Patients should understand that the scar is likely to be improved but not eliminated by treatment.

Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2017 Feb 25(1) 99-104

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27888898

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Photobiomodulation reduces gliosis in the basal ganglia of aged mice.

El Massri N, Weinrich TW, Kam JH, Jeffery G, Mitrofanis J

Department of Anatomy F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, England. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, England. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, England. Department of Anatomy F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: john.mitrofanis@sydney.edu.au..

This study explored the effects of long-term photobiomodulation (PBM) on the glial and neuronal organization in the striatum of aged mice. Mice aged 12 months were pretreated with PBM (670 nm) for 20 minutes per day, commencing at 5 months old and continued for 8 months. We had 2 control groups, young at 3 months and aged at 12 months old; these mice received no treatment. Brains were aldehyde-fixed and processed for immunohistochemistry with various glial and neuronal markers. We found a clear reduction in glial cell number, both astrocytes and microglia, in the striatum after PBM in aged mice. By contrast, the number of 2 types of striatal interneurons (parvalbumin^+^ and encephalopsin^+^), together with the density of striatal dopaminergic terminals (and their midbrain cell bodies), remained unchanged after such treatment. In summary, our results indicated that long-term PBM had beneficial effects on the aging striatum by reducing glial cell number; and furthermore, that this treatment did not have any deleterious effects on the neurons and terminations in this nucleus.

Neurobiol Aging 2018 Feb 26

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29571001

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Laser stimulating ST36 with optical fiber induce blood component changes in mice: a Raman spectroscopy study.

Zhang H Chen Z Wu J Chen N Xu W Li T Liu S

Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China. Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China..

ST36 is a commonly-used acupoint in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment of inflammations, pains and gastrointestinal disturbs. For decades,the low power laser acupuncture has been widely applied as an alternative therapy to traditional metal needle acupuncture and achieved relatively fine therapeutic effect for ST36-related symptoms with reduction of uncomfortableness and infection risks. However its disadvantages of low penetrativity and lack of manipulation skills limit its potential performance. An optical fiber laser acupuncture introduced by the previous study combines traditional needling acupuncture and the laser stimulation together, making a stronger therapeutic effect and showing a potential value in clinical application. To evaluate its acupunctural effect on blood, mice are taken as experimental model and Raman spectroscopic technique is used to analysis the changes of blood components after stimulating on ST36. The results show that both the traditional needling acupuncture and optical fiber acupuncture could lead to some spectral changes of blood in mice. This study explores the optical fiber acupuncture’s effect on blood in mice using Raman spectroscopy technique for mechanism of acupuncture therapy.

J Biophotonics 2018 Feb 15

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29446873

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The Combined Effects of Levothyroxine and Low Level Laser Therapy on Wound Healing in Hypothyroidism Male Rat Model.

Firouzi A Fadaei Fathabadi F Norozian M Amini A Abdollahifar MA Noruzian M

Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anatomical Sciences and Biology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anatomical Sciences and Biology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anatomical Sciences and Biology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anatomical Sciences and Biology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..

J Lasers Med Sci 2018

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29399303

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In Vitro Influence of Low-Power Diode Laser Irradiation Time on Human Red Blood Cells.

Al-Yasiri AY

Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad , Baghdad, Iraq ..

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigates whether the exposure to low-power diode laser induces denaturation in red blood cell (RBC) membrane protein composition, and determines the irradiation time for when denaturation of membrane protein process begins. BACKGROUND: A low-energy laser has been used extensively in medical applications. Several studies indicated significant positive effects of laser therapy on biological systems. In contrast, other studies reported that laser induced unwanted changes in cell structure and biological systems. The present work studied the effect of irradiation time of low-power diode laser on the structure of membrane proteins of human RBCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The RBC suspension was divided into five equal aliquots. One aliquot served as control. The remaining four aliquots were exposed to low-power diode laser (wave length = 650 nm, power = 50 mW) for 10, 20, 30, and 40 min, respectively. After each given time, the percentage of denatured RBCs was calculated in each sample as described later. RESULTS: Irradiation of RBCs by this laser for 20 min did not cause any change in membrane protein composition. While increasing the irradiation time to 30 min caused denaturation of membrane proteins, resulting in the formation of cross-bonding in a considerable number of RBCs, and the percentage of denatured cells increased in a dose-dependent manner to the irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the effect of low-power diode laser on RBC membrane protein structure depends on irradiation time.

Photomed Laser Surg 2018 Feb 02

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29394138

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Infrared Laser Improves Collagen Organization in Muscle and Tendon Tissue During the Process of Compensatory Overload.

Terena SML Fernandes KPS Bussadori SK Brugnera Junior A da Silva DFT Magalhães EMR Ferrari RAM

1 Posgraduate Program, Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE , São Paulo, Brazil . 2 Posgraduate Program, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE , São Paulo, Brazil . 3 Biomedical Engineer Research Center, CEB, Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco , São Paulo, Brazil . 2 Posgraduate Program, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE , São Paulo, Brazil . 1 Posgraduate Program, Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE , São Paulo, Brazil . 2 Posgraduate Program, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE , São Paulo, Brazil ..

BACKGROUND: The photobiomodulation using the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) exerts a positive modulating effect on the synthesis of collagen in skeletal muscles and tendons. However, few studies have addressed this effect during the compensatory overload. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of infrared laser on the deposition and organization of collagen fibers in muscle and tendon tissue during compensatory overload of the plantar muscle in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats were submitted to bilateral ablation of the synergist muscles of the hind paws and divided in groups: Control, Hypertrophy, and Hypertrophy (H)+LLLT (780 nm, 40 mW, 9.6 J/cm RESULTS: After 7 days an increase was observed in the area between beam muscles in H+LLLT (25.45% ± 2.56) in comparison to H (20.3% ± 3.31), in mature fibers and fibrilis in H+LLLT (29346.88 m CONCLUSIONS: Infrared laser irradiation induces an improvement in collagen organization in tendons and a reduction in the total area of collagen in muscles during compensatory atrophy following the ablation of synergist muscles.

Photomed Laser Surg 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29466099

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Improved Wound Remodeling Correlates with Modulated TGF-beta Expression in Skin Diabetic Wounds Following Combined Red and Infrared Photobiomodulation Treatments.

Fekrazad R Sarrafzadeh A Kalhori KA Khan I Arany PR Giubellino A

Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iranian Medical Laser Association, Tehran, Iran. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Oral Biology and Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, US. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA..

Diabetic wounds are a major cause of morbidity among patients with poorly controlled blood glucose levels. Conventional empirical wound care strategies have shown limited efficacy and there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Photobiomodulation treatments have shown a positive therapeutic effects in several cell culture and animal models. In this study, we examined wound healing in diabetic rats following treatments with two laser wavelengths, namely red (660nm) and infrared (808nm) individually and in combination as compared to routine wound dressings. Immunostaining for TGF- expression was performed at various times post-wounding. We noted that the combination of red and infrared laser treatments correlated with decreased TGF- 1 levels at late stages in healing. There was no statistical significance with any treatments at an earlier time point. This study emphasizes the role of appropriate laser treatment protocols in modulating wound healing and remodeling responses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Photochem Photobiol 2018 Feb 19

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29457837

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Effects of myogenic precursor cells (C2C12) transplantation and low-level laser therapy on muscle repair.

Andreo L Mesquita-Ferrari RA Ribeiro BG Benitte A de Fátima Nogueira T França CM Silva DFTD Bussadori SK Fernandes KPS Corrêa FI Corrêa JCF

Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil..

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of myoblast inoculation in combination with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on skeletal muscle tissue following injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-five Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control-animals not submitted to any procedure; Injury-cryoinjury of the tibialis anterior muscle; HBSS-animals submitted to cryoinjury and intramuscular Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution; Injury + Cells-animals submitted to cryoinjury, followed by myogenic precursor cells (C2C12) transplantation; Injury + Cells + LLLT-animals submitted to cryoinjury, followed by myogenic precursor cells (C2C12) transplantation and PBMT (780 nm, 40 mW, 3.2 J in 8 points). The periods analyzed were 1, 3, and 7 days. The tibialis anterior muscle was harvest for histological analysis, collagen analysis, and immunolabeling of macrophages. RESULTS: No differences were found between the HBSS group and injury group. The Injury + Cells group exhibited an increase of inflammatory cells and immature fibers as well as a decrease in the number of macrophages on Day 1. The Injury + Cells + LLLT group exhibited a decrease in myonecrosis and inflammatory infiltrate at 7 days, but an increase in inflammatory infiltrate at 1 and 3 days as well as an increase in blood vessels at 3 and 7 days, an increase in macrophages at 3 days and better collagen organization at 7 days. CONCLUSION: Cell transplantation combined with PBMT led to an increase in the number of blood vessels, a reduction in myonecrosis and total inflammatory cells as well as better organization of collagen fibers during the skeletal muscle repair process. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Lasers Surg Med 2018 Feb 05

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29399847

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The effect of combined photobiomodulation and curcumin on skin wound healing in type I diabetes in rats.

Soleimani H Amini A Taheri S Sajadi E Shafikhani S Schuger LA Reddy VB Ghoreishi SK Pouriran R Chien S Bayat M

Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Rush University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Cancer Center,1735 W. Harrison, Cohn Research Building, Room 612, Chicago, IL 60612-3806, USA. Electronic address: Sasha_Shafikhani@rush.edu. Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 1089, Room J-541-D, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: lschuger@uchicago.edu. Dermatopathology, Cytopathology, Rush University Medical Center, Pathology Department, 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., 570 Jelke, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: Vijaya_Reddy@rush.edu. Department of Statistics, University of Qom, Qom, Iran. School of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Noveratech LLC of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, and Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Po Box: 19395/4719, Tehran 1985717443, Iran. Electronic address: mohbayat@sbmu.ac.ir..

The purpose of the present scientific study was to analyze the effects of combined pulsed wave Photobiomodulation (PW PBM) and Curcumin on the microbial flora; in addition, the tensiometrical wounds properties for type one diabetes mellitus (TIDM) in an experimental animal model. TIDM induction was performed in thirty rats. In the entire animals, one full-thickness excision was implemented on their backs. Randomly, the divisions of rats into 5 groups took place. The primary group was considered as the control group and did not receive any treatment. The secondary group (placebo) received sesame oil by gastric gavage. The third group received PWPBM (890 nm, 80 Hz, 0.2 J/cm

J Photochem Photobiol B 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29486459

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Quercetin and low level laser therapy promote wound healing process in diabetic rats via structural reorganization and modulatory effects on inflammation and oxidative stress.

Ahmed OM Mohamed T Moustafa H Hamdy H Ahmed RR Aboud E

Experimental Obesity and Diabetes Research Lab, Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Electronic address: osama.ahmed@science.bsu.edu.eg. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Laser Institute for Research and Applications (LIRA), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Biomedical Equipment Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, October Six University, Giza, Egypt. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Cell Biology, Histology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Biomedical Equipment Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, October Six University, Giza, Egypt..

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of quercetin and the photo-stimulatory effect of low energy 632.8 nm laser irradiation on excisional wound healing in non-diabetic and diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally applied for diabetes induction. A full-thickness skin wound (2 2 cm

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29477473

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Effect of prior application with and without post-injury treatment with low-level laser on the modulation of key proteins in the muscle repair process.

De Lima Rodrigues D Alves AN Guimarães BR de Alcântara Araujo Amorim WW Bussadori SK Fernandes KPS Mesquita-Ferrari RA

Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. raquel.mesquita@gmail.com. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. raquel.mesquita@gmail.com. Departamento de Pós Graduação, Mestrado e Doutorado em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. raquel.mesquita@gmail.com..

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT prior to muscle injury with and without post-injury irradiation on the expression of isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), calcineurin (CaN), and myostatin during the repair process. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control (n = 7); injury (n = 21); LLLT + injury (n = 21); injury + LLLT (n = 21), and LLLT + injury + LLLT (n = 21). Cryoinjury was performed on the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The injured groups were euthanized at 3, 7, and 14 days after injury. LLLT was performed using an infrared laser (780 nm) with the following parameters: 10 J/cm

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 15

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29450762

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Pain management using photobiomodulation: mechanisms, location, and repeatability quantified by pain threshold and neural biomarkers in mice.

de Sousa MVP Kawakubo M Ferraresi C Kaippert B Yoshimura EM Hamblin MR

Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. Bright Photomedicine Ltd, São Paulo, Brazil. Laboratory of Radiation Dosimetry and Medical Physics, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. Harvard Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Boston, MA, USA. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Post-Graduation in Physical Therapy in Functional Health, Physical Therapy Department, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, São Paulo, Brazil. Post-Graduation Program in Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. Pharmacy School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Laboratory of Radiation Dosimetry and Medical Physics, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. Harvard Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Boston, MA, USA. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA..

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a simple, efficient and cost-effective treatment for both acute and chronic pain. We previously showed that PBM applied to the mouse head inhibited nociception in the foot. Nevertheless, the optimum parameters, location for irradiation, duration of the effect, and the mechanisms of action remain unclear. In the present study, the pain threshold in the right hind-paw of mice was studied, after PBM (810 nm CW laser, spot size 1 cm

J Biophotonics 2018 Feb 26

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29484823

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Effect of Laser Therapy on Defensins’ Gene Expression in TR146 Epithelial Cell Line.

Zupin L Rupel K Ottaviani G Poropat A Di Lenarda R Biasotto M Crovella S

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste; Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste; Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste. Italy. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste; Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS ”Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste. Italy..

Laser therapy (LT) has been employed for treatment of oral mucositis (OM)due to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and bio-stimulatory effects. This pilot study investigated the effect of LT in TR146 epithelial cell line, used to mimic oral mucosa,aimed at evaluating the expression of DEFB1, DEFB4, DEFB103 genes encoding for the human -defensins 1, 2 and 3. In this cellular model LT decreased mRNA defensins’ expression 30 minutes after irradiation but not 24 hours later, suggesting that LT is able to influence -defensins production immediately after treatment, while its efficacy decreases over time.

Protein Pept Lett 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29473491

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Effects of 915 nm laser irradiation on human osteoblasts: a preliminary in vitro study.

Mergoni G Vescovi P Belletti S Uggeri J Nammour S Gatti R

Unit of Oral Pathology and Laser-assisted Oral Surgery; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. gmergon@gmail.com. Unit of Oral Pathology and Laser-assisted Oral Surgery; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Unit of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Unità Operativa di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale di Vaio, Fidenza, Italy. Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium. Unit of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy..

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive treatment that uses laser or led devices making its effects a response to light and not to heat. The possibility of accelerating dental implant osteointegration and orthodontic movements and the need to treat refractory bone lesions, such as bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws, has led researchers to consider the effects of PBM on bone for dentistry purposes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of 915 nm light supplied with a GaAs diode laser on human osteoblasts in vitro. Osteoblasts were isolated from mandibular cortical bone of a young healthy donor. The irradiation parameters were as follows: doses = 5, 15 and 45 J/cm

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 15

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29450763

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Beneficial Role of Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation on Neural -tubulin III Protein Expression in Human Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Ferreira-Silva V Primo FL Baqui MMA Magalhães DAR Orellana MD Castilho-Fernandes A Cruz MC Câmara NOS Covas DT Tedesco AC

Department of Chemistry, Centre of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, Brazil. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regional Blood Centre, National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, Brazil. Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, SP, Brazil. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regional Blood Centre, National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, Brazil. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regional Blood Centre, National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, Brazil. Department of Chemistry, Centre of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, Brazil. Institute of Biomedical Science, Department of Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil. Institute of Biomedical Science, Department of Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regional Blood Centre, National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, Brazil. Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14048-900, Brazil. Department of Chemistry, Centre of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, Brazil. atedesco@usp.br..

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the neural protein expression pattern of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) treated with forskolin (free-form/FF). The study investigated forskolin’s capacity to enhance intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activating adenylate cyclase and probably by inducing neuron-like cells in vitro. In addition, because nanotechnology is a growing field of tissue engineering, we also assessed the action of a new system called the nanostructured-forskolin (NF) to examine the improvement of drug delivery. Afterwards, the cells were submitted to low-level laser irradiation to evaluate possible photobiostimulatory effects. Investigations using the immunofluorescence by confocal microscopy and Western blot methods revealed the expression of the neuronal marker -tubulin III. Fluorescence intensity quantification analysis using INCell Analyzer System for -tubulin III was used to examine significant differences. The results showed that after low-level laser irradiation exposure, there was a tendency to increase the -tubulin III expression in all groups, as expected in the photobiostimulation process. Notably, this process induced for irradiation was more pronounced in irradiated nanoforskolin cells (INF) compared to non-irradiated free-forskolin control cells (NFFC). However, there was also an increase in -tubulin III protein expression in the groups: irradiated nanocontrol cells (INC) compared to non-irradiated free-forskolin control cells (NFF) and after treatment with non-irradiated free-forskolin (NFF) and non-irradiated nanoforskolin (NNFC). We concluded that the methods using low-level laser irradiation and/or nanoparticles showed an up-regulation of neural-protein expression in hMSCs that could be used to facilitate cellular therapy protocols in the near future.

Stem Cell Rev 2018 Feb 13

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29442223

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The earthworm Dendrobaena veneta (Annelida): A new experimental-organism for photobiomodulation and wound healing.

Amaroli A, Ferrando S, Pozzolini M, Gallus L, Parker S, Benedicenti S

University of Genoa, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic. andrea.amaroli.71@gmail.com..

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a manipulation of cellular behavior using non-ablative low intensity light sources. This manipulation triggers a cascade of metabolic effects and physiological changes resulting in improved tissue repair, of benefit in the treatment of tissue injury, degenerative or autoimmune diseases. PBM has witnessed an exponential increase in both clinical instrument technology and applications. It is therefore of benefit to find reliable experimental models to test the burgeoning laser technology for medical applications. In our work, we proposed the earthworm Dendrobaena veneta for the study of non-ablative laser-light effects on wound healing. In our preliminary work, D. veneta has been shown to be positively affected by PBM. New tests using D. veneta were set up to evaluate the effectiveness of a chosen 808 nm-64 J/cm2-1W-CW laser therapy using the AB2799 hand-piece with flat-top bean profile, on the wound healing process of the earthworm. Effective outcome was assimilated through examining the macroscopic, histological, and molecular changes on the irradiated posterior-segment of excised-earthworms with respect to controls. Three successive treatments, one every 24 hours, were concluded as sufficient to promote the wound healing, by effects on muscular and blood vessel contraction, decrement of bacteria load, reduction of inflammatory processes and tissue degeneration. D. veneta was demonstrated to be a reliable experimental organism that meets well the 3Rs principles and the National Science Foundation statement. Through their genetic and evolutionary peculiarity, comparable to those of scientifically accredited models, D. veneta allows the effect of laser therapies by multidisciplinary methods, at various degree of complexity and costs to be investigated.

Eur J Histochem 2018 Feb 09

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29569873

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Activation of Wnt/ -catenin signaling is involved in hair growth-promoting effect of 655-nm red light and LED in in vitro culture model.

Han L Liu B Chen X Chen H Deng W Yang C Ji B Wan M

Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China. State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China. Department of Hair Transplantation, Yuexiu Plastic Surgery Hospital, No.133 Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510601, China. Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China. wanmj@mail.sysu.edu.cn..

Activation of the Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in hair follicle morphogenesis and hair growth. Recently, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was evaluated for stimulating hair growth in numerous clinical studies, in which 655-nm red light was found to be most effective and practical for stimulating hair growth. We evaluated whether 655-nm red light + light-emitting diode (LED) could promote human hair growth by activating Wnt/ -catenin signaling. An in vitro culture of human hair follicles (HFs) was irradiated with different intensities of 655-nm red light + LED, 21 h7 (an inhibitor of -catenin), or both. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess the expression of -catenin, GSK3 , p-GSK3 , and Lef1 in the Wnt/ -catenin signaling. The 655-nm red light + LED not only enhanced hair shaft elongation, but also reduced catagen transition in human hair follicle organ culture, with the greatest effectiveness observed at 5 min (0.839 J/cm

Lasers Med Sci 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29468283

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Determination of Optimum Operation Parameters for Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Low-Level Laser Based Treatment to Induce Proliferation of Osteoblast and Fibroblast Cells.

Coskun ME Coskun KA Tutar Y

1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University , Sivas, Turkey . 2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University , Sivas, Turkey . 3 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences , Istanbul, Turkey ..

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the optimum operating parameters (pulse duration, energy levels, and application time) to promote induction of osteoblast and fibroblast cell proliferation and to maintain cell viability treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT). BACKGROUND DATA: The positive effects of LIPUS and LLLT on cellular activity have been reported in recent years. Comparisons between experimental parameters of previous studies are difficult because scientific studies reported frequencies and the duty cycles of LIPUS and wavelengths and doses of LLLT in a wide range of parameters. However, optimum amount of energy and optimum time exposure must be determined to induce bone and tissue cell proliferation for effective healing process and to avoid cell damage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fibroblast and osteoblast cell cultures were irradiated with LIPUS (10-50% pulse and continuous mode at 1 and 3 MHz for 1, 3, and 5 min) and LLLT (4, 8, and 16 J at 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mW). Cell cultures were analyzed using XTT assay. RESULTS: For both cell types, LIPUS treatment with 10% pulse (1:9 duty cycle), 3 MHz, and for 1 min and LLLT treatment over 100 mV for 4, 8, and 16 J modalities contributed to the growth, and may help bone repair and tissue healing process optimally. CONCLUSIONS: Bio-stimulating effects of LLLT irradiation promote proliferation and maintain cell viability better than LIPUS treatment without causing thermal response for both cell types, and the therapeutic modality above 200 mV has maximum effectiveness.

Photomed Laser Surg 2018 Feb 21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29466082

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Preconditioning With Low Level Laser Irradiation Enhances the Therapeutic Potential of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Photoaged Skin.

Liao X Li SH Xie GH Xie S Xiao LL Song JX Liu HW

Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, P.R. China. Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China. Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, P.R. China..

The present study was conducted to explore the therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) irradiated with a low level laser (LLL). Cultured ADSCs were treated with 650-nm GaAlAs laser irradiation at 2, 4, and 8 J/cm

Photochem Photobiol 2018 Feb 19

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29457847

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Targeted production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria to overcome cancer drug resistance.

Wang H Gao Z Liu X Agarwal P Zhao S Conroy DW Ji G Yu J Jaroniec CP Liu Z Lu X Li X He X

Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China. Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. xl3p@virginia.edu. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. shawnhe@umd.edu. Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. shawnhe@umd.edu. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. shawnhe@umd.edu. Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. shawnhe@umd.edu..

Multidrug resistance is a major challenge to cancer chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance phenotype is associated with the overexpression of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven transmembrane efflux pumps in cancer cells. Here, we report a lipid membrane-coated silica-carbon (LSC) hybrid nanoparticle that targets mitochondria through pyruvate, to specifically produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. The ROS can oxidize the NADH into NAD

Nat Commun 2018 Feb 08

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29422620

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Low power lasers on genomic stability.

Photobiomodulation improves motor response in patients with spinal cord injury submitted to electromyographic evaluation: randomized clinical trial.

Prevention of acute radiodermatitis by photobiomodulation: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in breast cancer patients (TRANSDERMIS trial).

Locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with photobiomodulation for prevention of oral mucositis: retrospective outcomes and safety analyses.

Photobiomodulation and Cancer: What Is the Truth

The Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Depth of Anesthesia During Endodontic Treatment of Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis (Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial).

Photobiomodulation Therapy on Physiological and Performance Parameters During Running Tests: Dose-Response Effects.

The effects of exercise training associated with low-level laser therapy on biomarkers of adipose tissue transdifferentiation in obese women.

Acute Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Patients’ Functional Capacity in the Postoperative Period of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy at 904 nm mitigates effects of exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue in young women.

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy and low level laser therapy against steroid therapy in the treatment of erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus.

Guide for health professionals addressing oral care for individuals in oncological treatment based on scientific evidence.

The short-term effectiveness of low-level laser, phonophoresis, and iontophoresis in patients with lateral epicondylosis.

All done procedure by laser in free gingival graft treatment: A case series study.

Ultrasound plus low-level laser therapy for knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Photonic technology for the treatments of the venous and arterial ulcers: Case report.

Treating Scars to the Neck.

Photobiomodulation reduces gliosis in the basal ganglia of aged mice.

Laser stimulating ST36 with optical fiber induce blood component changes in mice: a Raman spectroscopy study.

The Combined Effects of Levothyroxine and Low Level Laser Therapy on Wound Healing in Hypothyroidism Male Rat Model.

In Vitro Influence of Low-Power Diode Laser Irradiation Time on Human Red Blood Cells.

Infrared Laser Improves Collagen Organization in Muscle and Tendon Tissue During the Process of Compensatory Overload.

Improved Wound Remodeling Correlates with Modulated TGF-beta Expression in Skin Diabetic Wounds Following Combined Red and Infrared Photobiomodulation Treatments.

Effects of myogenic precursor cells (C2C12) transplantation and low-level laser therapy on muscle repair.

The effect of combined photobiomodulation and curcumin on skin wound healing in type I diabetes in rats.

Quercetin and low level laser therapy promote wound healing process in diabetic rats via structural reorganization and modulatory effects on inflammation and oxidative stress.

Effect of prior application with and without post-injury treatment with low-level laser on the modulation of key proteins in the muscle repair process.

Pain management using photobiomodulation: mechanisms, location, and repeatability quantified by pain threshold and neural biomarkers in mice.

Effect of Laser Therapy on Defensins’ Gene Expression in TR146 Epithelial Cell Line.

Effects of 915 nm laser irradiation on human osteoblasts: a preliminary in vitro study.

Beneficial Role of Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation on Neural -tubulin III Protein Expression in Human Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

The earthworm Dendrobaena veneta (Annelida): A new experimental-organism for photobiomodulation and wound healing.

Activation of Wnt/ -catenin signaling is involved in hair growth-promoting effect of 655-nm red light and LED in in vitro culture model.

Determination of Optimum Operation Parameters for Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Low-Level Laser Based Treatment to Induce Proliferation of Osteoblast and Fibroblast Cells.

Preconditioning With Low Level Laser Irradiation Enhances the Therapeutic Potential of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Photoaged Skin.

Targeted production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria to overcome cancer drug resistance.

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